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Compare El Salvador (2002) - Equatorial Guinea (2004)

Compare El Salvador (2002) z Equatorial Guinea (2004)

 El Salvador (2002)Equatorial Guinea (2004)
 El SalvadorEquatorial Guinea
Administrative divisions 14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, Santa Ana, San Vicente, Sonsonate, Usulutan 7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
Age structure 0-14 years: 37.4% (male 1,211,156; female 1,162,317)


15-64 years: 57.5% (male 1,735,744; female 1,922,395)


65 years and over: 5.1% (male 144,864; female 177,205) (2002 est.)
0-14 years: 42% (male 110,268; female 109,222)


15-64 years: 54.3% (male 136,370; female 147,431)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 8,745; female 11,015) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; shrimp; beef, dairy products coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
Airports 83 (2001) 3 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 4


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


less than 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 78


914 to 1,523 m: 17


under 914 m: 61 (2002)
total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 21,040 sq km


land: 20,720 sq km


water: 320 sq km
total: 28,051 sq km


land: 28,051 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Massachusetts slightly smaller than Maryland
Background El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms. Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule. This tiny country, composed of a mainland portion plus five inhabited islands, is one of the smallest on the African continent. President OBIANG NGUEM MBASOGO has ruled the country for over two decades since seizing power from his uncle, then President MACIAS, in a 1979 coup. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, the 1996 and 2002 presidential elections - as well as the 1999 legislative elections - were widely seen as being flawed. The president controls most opposition parties through the judicious use of patronage. Despite the country's economic windfall from oil production resulting in a massive increase in government revenue in recent years, there have been few improvements in the country's living standards.
Birth rate 28.3 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 36.56 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues: $2.1 billion


expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.) (2001 est.)
revenues: $708.5 million


expenditures: $317.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Capital San Salvador Malabo
Climate tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands tropical; always hot, humid
Coastline 307 km 296 km
Constitution 23 December 1983 approved by national referendum 17 November 1991; amended January 1995
Country name conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador


conventional short form: El Salvador


local long form: Republica de El Salvador


local short form: El Salvador
conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea


conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea


local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial


local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial


former: Spanish Guinea
Currency Salvadoran colon (SVC); US dollar (USD) Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Death rate 6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 12.27 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $4.9 billion (2001 est.) $248 million (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Rose M. LIKINS


embassy: Final Boulevard Santa Elena Sur, Urbanizacion Santa Elena, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador


mailing address: Unit 3116, APO AA 34023


telephone: [503] 278-4444


FAX: [503] 278-6011
the US does not have an embassy in Equatorial Guinea (embassy closed September 1995); the US ambassador to Cameroon is accredited to Equatorial Guinea; the US State Department is considering opening a Consulate Agency in Malabo
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez


chancery: 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-9671


consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, and San Francisco
chief of mission: Ambassador Teodoro Biyogo NSUE


chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700


FAX: [1] (202) 518-5252
Disputes - international El Salvador claims tiny Conejo Island off Honduras in the Golfo de Fonseca; many of the "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary remain undemarcated despite ICJ adjudication in 1992; with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, the ICJ referred to the line determined by the 1900 Honduras-Nicaragua Mixed Boundary Commission and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua likely would be required in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River, imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision, and the unresolved Bakasi allocation contribute to the delay in implementation; creation of a maritime boundary in hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay with Gabon is hampered by dispute over Mbane Island, administered and occupied by Gabon since the 1970s
Economic aid - recipient total $252 million; $57 million from US (1999 est.) $33.8 million (1995)
Economy - overview El Salvador is a struggling Central American economy which has been suffering from a weak tax collection system, factory closings, the aftermaths of Hurricane Mitch of 1998 and the devastating earthquakes of early 2001, and weak world coffee prices. On the bright side, in recent years inflation has fallen to single digit levels, and total exports have grown substantially. The trade deficit has been offset by remittances (an estimated $1.6 billion in 2000) from Salvadorans living abroad and by external aid. As of 1 January 2001, the US dollar was made legal tender alongside the colon. Growth in 2002 will depend largely on the speed of recovery in the US. The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy under successive regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth (the government has stated its intention to reinvest some oil revenue into agriculture). A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of corruption and mismanagement. No longer eligible for concessional financing because of large oil revenues, the government has been unsuccessfully trying to agree on a "shadow" fiscal management program with the World Bank and IMF. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Growth will remain strong in 2004, led by oil.
Electricity - consumption 4.07 billion kWh (2000) 21.91 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 112 million kWh (2000) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 750 million kWh (2000) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 3.69 billion kWh (2000) 23.56 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 42%


hydro: 36%


nuclear: 0%


other: 22% (2000)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes tap water is not potable; deforestation
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups mestizo 90%, Amerindian 1%, white 9% Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish
Exchange rates Salvadoran colones per US dollar - 8.750 (fixed since January 2001), 8.755 (fixed rate since 1993)


note: since January 2001 the US dollar has also become legal tender; the exchange rate has been fixed at 8.75 colones per US dollar
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the president


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2004)


election results: Francisco FLORES Perez elected president; percent of vote - Francisco FLORES (ARENA) 52%, Facundo GUARDADO (FMLN) 29%, Ruben ZAMORA (CD) 7.5%, other (no individual above 3%) 11.5%
chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup)


head of government: Prime Minister Miguel Abia BITEO BORICO (since 14 June 2004); First Deputy Prime Minister Miguel OYONO NDONG (since NA January 1998); Deputy Prime Minister Demetrio Elo NDONG NZE FUMU (since NA January 1998)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 15 December 2002 (next to be held NA December 2009); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president


election results: Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO 97.1%, Celestino Bonifacio BACALE 2.2%; elections marred by widespread fraud
Exports $2.9 billion (2001) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity petroleum, methanol, timber, cocoa
Exports - partners US 65%, Guatemala 11%, Honduras 8%, EU 5% (2000) US 33.6%, Spain 25.8%, China 14.4%, Canada 11.8%, Italy 6.4% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 January - 31 December
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)
GDP purchasing power parity - $28.4 billion (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $1.27 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 10%


industry: 30%


services: 60% (2000) (2000)
agriculture: 20%


industry: 60%


services: 2.4% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,600 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,700 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.4% (2001 est.) 20% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 50 N, 88 55 W 2 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography - note smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea insular and continental regions rather widely separated
Heliports 1 (2002) -
Highways total: 10,029 km


paved: 1,986 km (including 327 km of expressways)


unpaved: 8,043 km (1997)
total: 2,880 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 1%


highest 10%: 39% (2001) (2001)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; domestic cocaine abuse on the rise -
Imports $5 billion (2001) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity petroleum sector equipment, other equipment
Imports - partners US 50%, Guatemala 10%, EU 7%, Mexico 5%, (2000) US 30.6%, UK 16%, France 15.1%, Cote d'Ivoire 11.9%, Spain 8.1%, Norway 5.9%, Italy 5.3% (2003)
Independence 15 September 1821 (from Spain) 12 October 1968 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate 3% (2001 est.) 30% (2002 est.)
Industries food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas
Infant mortality rate 27.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) total: 87.08 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 93.27 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 80.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.8% (2001 est.) 6% (2003 est.)
International organization participation BCIE, CACM, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 4 (2000) -
Irrigated land 360 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly) Supreme Tribunal
Labor force 2.35 million (1999) (1999) NA (October 2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 30%, industry 15%, services 55% (1999 est.) -
Land boundaries total: 545 km


border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
total: 539 km


border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km
Land use arable land: 27.27%


permanent crops: 12.11%


other: 60.62% (1998 est.)
arable land: 4.63%


permanent crops: 3.57%


other: 91.8% (2001)
Languages Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians) Spanish (official), French (official), pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo
Legal system based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 16 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FMLN 31, ARENA 27, PCN 16, PDC 5, CD 5
unicameral House of People's Representatives or Camara de Representantes del Pueblo (80 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held 24 April 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDGE 80%, UP 6%, CPDS 5%; seats by party - PDGE 75, UP 4 and CPDS 1


note: Parliament has little power since the constitution vests all executive authority in the president
Life expectancy at birth total population: 70.32 years


male: 66.72 years


female: 74.11 years (2002 est.)
total population: 55.15 years


male: 53 years


female: 57.36 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 71.5%


male: 73.5%


female: 69.8% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 85.7%


male: 93.3%


female: 78.4% (2003 est.)
Location Middle America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 6,556 GRT/9,704 DWT


by type: cargo 2, passenger/cargo 1


registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy (FNES), Air Force Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $112 million (FY99) $75.1 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.7% (FY99) 2.5% (2003)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,500,712 (2002 est.) males age 15-49: 120,463 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 951,715 (2002 est.) males age 15-49: 61,084 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 68,103 (2002 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 15 September (1821) Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
Nationality noun: Salvadoran(s)


adjective: Salvadoran
noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)


adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
Natural hazards known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes violent windstorms, flash floods
Natural resources hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land oil, petroleum, timber, small unexploited deposits of gold, manganese, uranium, titanium, iron ore
Net migration rate -3.88 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines - condensate 37 km; gas 39 km; liquid natural gas 4 km; oil 24 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER]; Democratic Convergence or CD [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general] (includes Social Democratic Party or PSD [Juan MEDRANO, leader); Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ]; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Fabio CASTILLO]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party or PAN [Gustavo Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ Zepeda, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Walter ARAUJO]; Social Christian Union or USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal Party or PRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president] Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Placido MIKO Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE (ruling party) [Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP [Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP [Victorino Bolekia BONAY]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI [Daniel OYONO]
Political pressure groups and leaders labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI NA
Population 6,353,681 (July 2002 est.) 523,051 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 48% (1999 est.) NA
Population growth rate 1.83% (2002 est.) 2.43% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco, La Libertad, La Union, Puerto El Triunfo Bata, Luba, Malabo
Radio broadcast stations AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 5 (2002)
Radios 2.75 million (1997) -
Railways total: 562 km


narrow gauge: 562 km 0.914-m gauge


note: length of operational route is reduced to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintenance (2001 est.)
-
Religions Roman Catholic 83%


note: there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador
nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal adult
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
general assessment: poor system with adequate government services


domestic: NA


international: country code - 240; international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 380,000 (1998) 9,600 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular 40,163 (1997) 41,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 5 (1997) 1 (2002)
Terrain mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate 3.29 children born/woman (2002 est.) 4.68 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 10% (2001 est.) 30% (1998 est.)
Waterways Rio Lempa partially navigable -
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